Molecular Structure Explorer
NAD+
Structure of the compound covered in this guide.
Last reviewed: October 2026 · Cleared Peptides research team
Research use only. NAD+: Research Guide to Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide is supplied for laboratory research. It is not a drug, food, cosmetic, or dietary supplement. It is not FDA-approved. It is not for human or veterinary administration. This page does not give a dose or a method of administration. A study cited on this page describes that study’s own test article. It does not make this lot an approved medicine. To check a fact, open the PubMed or DOI link, confirm the authors and year, and match the paper’s compound name, CAS number, or sequence to the specification table. The full method is on the research desk page. Identity and purity for a lot are only what that lot’s certificate of analysis reports. An HPLC percentage is not a sterility result and not an endotoxin result unless the certificate prints those tests.
NAD+ (β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form) is a coenzyme found in every living cell. It carries electrons in redox reactions and is consumed as a substrate by several enzyme families, which makes it a core reagent in enzymology, metabolism and cellular-aging research.
In this guide:
NAD+ Structure and Identifiers
| Name | NAD+ (β-NAD, oxidized) |
|---|---|
| CAS number | 53-84-9 |
| PubChem CID | 5892 |
| Molecular formula | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| Molecular weight | ≈663.4 g/mol |
| Structure | Two nucleotides (adenine and nicotinamide) joined through a pyrophosphate bridge |
| Reduced form | NADH |
| Form | White lyophilized powder |
Biochemical Roles of NAD+
- Redox coenzyme: accepts a hydride to become NADH in glycolysis, the TCA cycle and many dehydrogenase reactions.
- Sirtuin substrate: NAD+-dependent deacylases (SIRT1–7) consume NAD+ during protein deacetylation.
- PARP substrate: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases use NAD+ in DNA-damage signaling.
- CD38/CD157: NAD+ glycohydrolases that generate ADP-ribose and cyclic ADP-ribose.
Laboratory Applications
NAD+ is used in enzyme-kinetics assays, NAD+/NADH ratio measurements, sirtuin and PARP activity studies, and as a reference standard in LC-MS metabolomics. It is often paired with 5-Amino-1MQ, an NNMT inhibitor studied in NAD+ salvage-pathway research. NAD+ is hygroscopic and should be stored sealed at −20 °C, protected from moisture and light.
This summary describes laboratory research only and makes no claim about effects in humans or animals.
Research materials referenced in this guide
Analytical testing notes for NAD+ (β-NAD, oxidized)
NAD+ (β-NAD, oxidized) is identified in this guide as CAS 53-84-9, formula C21H27N7O14P2, listed mass ≈663.4 g/mol. An identity test compares a measurement with those values. A mass spectrum is the usual measurement for a peptide. FTIR, when a certificate uses it, is a supporting infrared fingerprint and is less specific for closely related sequences.
NAD+ (β-NAD, oxidized) is not a peptide. Identity and purity may be chromatographic (HPLC or GC) or spectroscopic, depending on the method named on the certificate. The peptide-specific notes below — sequence mass, 214 nm peptide-bond detection, and net peptide content — should not be assumed. Sterility and endotoxin still apply only when those lines are on the report.
Read the method named on the certificate before treating a purity percentage as an HPLC area-percent result. Small molecules in this library may be assessed by HPLC, gas chromatography, or spectroscopy. The instrument named on the report is the one that applies. A purity result still does not measure sterility, endotoxin, or a labeled fill weight.
A sterility test and an endotoxin test are not included in a chemical purity result. The compendial sterility test is a culture method (USP <71>): membrane filtration or direct inoculation into fluid thioglycollate medium and soybean-casein digest medium, incubated for 14 days. A PCR sterility screen uses a thermal cycler to detect microbial DNA and is a different method. The endotoxin test (USP <85> LAL, or USP <86> recombinant Factor C) reports endotoxin units with an incubating reader or a cartridge reader. Use a result only when that method is printed on the lot certificate. One published example in this catalog states that the report does not cover microbial contamination or endotoxins. The full description of equipment, standards, and how US laboratory accreditation works is in peptide analytical testing. Lot records are on the COA page.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the CAS number of NAD+?
53-84-9; molecular formula C21H27N7O14P2, MW ≈663.4 g/mol.
What is the difference between NAD+ and NADH?
NAD+ is the oxidized form; NADH is the reduced form carrying two electrons and a proton.
Is NAD+ for human use?
Cleared Peptides supplies NAD+ for laboratory research use only.
Selected References
Peer-reviewed literature on the compounds discussed in this guide, listed as scientific background for laboratory researchers. Citation does not imply endorsement by the authors or any use other than in-vitro research.
- Chini CCS, et al. Evolving concepts in NAD(+) metabolism. Cell Metab. 2021;33(6):1076-1087. PubMed 33930322 · DOI
- Migaud ME, et al. Regulation of and challenges in targeting NAD(+) metabolism. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2024;25(10):822-840. PubMed 39026037 · DOI
- Amjad S, et al. Role of NAD(+) in regulating cellular and metabolic signaling pathways. Mol Metab. 2021;49:101195. PubMed 33609766 · DOI
Laboratory note: solubility depends on salt form and solvent. This guide does not state a single solubility figure. Handling of lyophilized material is described in the peptide storage guide.
Research Material: View batch analytical data, mass spectrometry, and Certificate of Analysis for NAD+ Biofermented (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, CAS 53-84-9).
Research Use Only Notice
This guide is provided for educational and laboratory reference purposes. It summarizes published, primarily in-vitro and structural research literature and does not describe, recommend or imply any use in humans or animals. Products sold by Cleared Peptides are for laboratory research use only; they are not drugs, foods, cosmetics or dietary supplements, are not FDA-approved, and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate or prevent any disease. No dosing, administration or therapeutic information is provided.
